This data collection consists of aggregate political, economic, and educational data for 136 countries in the period 1950-1965. Included are indicators of population size and growth, communications, education, culture, economics, and politics for the four base years: 1950, 1960, 1966, and 1965. Data are provided for the percentage of population living in cities of 100,000 or more and 20,000 or more, the total economically active male population engaged in agricultural occupations, and the total economically active male population as a percentage of the total male population. Information is also provided for the number of telephones, radios, televisions, and newspapers per 1,000 population, cinema attendance per capita, literacy rates, and school enrollment ratio. Other variables provide information for steel consumption, energy consumption per capita growth rates, gross national product (GNP) per capita, total trade as a percentage of the GNP, total number of current scientific and technical serials published, percentage of contribution to the total world scientific authors, percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) originating in agriculture, industry, transportation, and communications, and gross domestic fixed capital formation as a percentage of the GNP. Additional information is provided on sectorial income inequality, land inequality, total number of physicians, and number of physicians per one million population. Other items include total military manpower, defense, education, and health expenditure in million United States dollars, total United States economic and military aid and Soviet aid, number of memberships in United Nations organizations and in other international organizations, diplomatic representation, electoral irregularity score, press freedom index, total internal security forces, the beginning and ending year of modernization, the date of independence, and the date of founding of the present constitution.