Archaeology in the Eastern coast of Guayanas (Brazilian State of Amapá) has a long history, as the studies of pioneers such as Emilio Goeldi, Henri Coudreau, Meggers and Evans, among others, remind us. This place has also a critical value for current debates on the evidences of socio-political complexity in the Amazonian pre-history, given the occurrence of impressive sites, as the megalithic structures, and elaborated pottery, as the Aristé polychromic ceramics. In spite of that, few projects in that area promoted systematic excavations, resulting in scarce information on diversity and detailed characteristics of archaeological heritage. Since the establishment of an archaeological team in the Amapá state this picture have been changed, with the increase of available archaeological database on the area. By now, the chronology have been extended to the middle Holocene, with archaeological sites related to hunter-gatherers groups; early ceramic-bearing sites, dating from, at least, 3000 BP have been found; and the proliferation of archaeological ceramic cultures have been documented, with the co-existence of, at least, 5 different cultures in the area since the second millennium after Christ. Also, the area presents challenging case-studies on ethno-archaeology. The eastern coast of Guayana is one of a few places in the Amazon that shows evidence of continuity between contemporary Amerindian societies, as the Palikur and Kaliña, and pre-colonial occupations, providing a good oportunity for understand the change that the European colonization brought on Amerindian pre-colonial patterns of socio-political organization. Given all information that has already been gathered, it´s obvious that Amapá is a key area in the Amazon region. It´s singular geographical characteristics, an enclave between the Amazon, Guayana and Caribbean areas, seems to be reflected in the high cultural diversity in the pre-historical occupation, where different cultural traditions converged and interacted in one specific region. As such, we suggest that, after a gradual human occupation since at least 8000 B.P., it will become, around 1000 B.P., a highly-contested arena, where regional differences in ceramic styles and ceremonial\funerary centers where used and exacerbated to mark political and\or social borders. This essay has the main goal to present the current archaeological data and the outline of a research project focused in the socio-political landscape and deep time histories in eastern coast of Guayana, through the establishment of a chronological and cultural framework of the human occupation in the region, from the first inhabitants until the impact of European invasion on Amerindians groups.