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Article

French

ID: <

10.4000/archeosciences.224

>

·

DOI: <

10.4000/archeosciences.224

>

Where these data come from
The red is placed: analysis of red in the ‘big fire’ earthenware of the xviiia and the 19th century (with the red of Thiviers)

Abstract

The instability of the iron oxides make it very difficult to obtain the colour red in single- fired faïence. In this experiment, various samples of archaeological faïence from the 18th and 19th centuries were analysed (BSE images by SEM and Raman spectrometry). Before the 1760’s, the results obtained by faience manufacturers were various and more or less satisfactory. Later on, they eventually managed to reach a greater command by using directly an iron rich ochre. At the beginning of the 19th century, the manufacturers from Thiviers, in the Perigord region, managed to make the best use of a pigment extracted from the local quartz-ferriferous rock to obtain a stable colour precisely called Thiviers red. The analyses confirm the written sources which say that this pigment was also used in Nevers where it can commonly be found from 1835-1840 on. In spite of the small number of samples analysed, these results show how some local manufactures managed to obtain a stable colour thanks to Thiviers red at the beginning of the 19th century, meeting a large popular success which enabled them to survive for a few decades until the development of the large factories producing new types of ceramics which were eventually to cause their ruin shortly after the middle of the 19th century.

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