On 27 July 1946, the institutional negotiations between Hindus and Muslims in Hindoustan, via the British, failed. On the evening of 16 August 1946, massacres between members of these religious communities began in Calcutta. They are atrocious. The English are sounding and precipitating their departure, which they set on 15 August 1947. In Punjab, an extermination war is developing between Hindus and Sikhs, on the one hand, and Muslims on the other. In a territory barely more gr...