Technical and vocational education in France is characterized by its complexity. Rooted in political and social history, it expresses the tensions that exist between the different actors involved: the state, employers and trade unions. Business is omnipresent in the landscape of vocational training and the branches of industry play the leading role in developing qualifications: they design, deliver and finance their own diplomas. The creation of the streamlined three-year vocational baccalauréat has restructured the qualifications offer, checked the fall in numbers and given the vocational career path a more positive image by improving access to further studies, mainly courses that lead to the qualification of senior technician. The creation of diversity-enhancing multi-pathway lycées is a sign that vocational training is implanted in the school environment.