This article examines the concept of citizenship education, this concept often having different and sometimes incompatible meanings. The author presents three aspects of citizenship that correspond to the three reference models (family, work, and scientific discussions). A definition of a minimal level of citizenship education centres on education of human rights and fundamental freedoms. However, the author proposes a higher level of citizenship, which is of pedagogical importance, in that it aims for an equality beyond simple equality of rights, but one that promotes mutual interest which citizens have for each other and the mutual responsibility developed between citizens.