Degree: Master of Arts Abstract: This study explores the little-examined dimensions of a highly influential Buddhist organization, Fo Guang Shan (佛光山), which was founded in Taiwan and established more than 200 branches on all five continents. Through ethnographic research focusing on Buddhist materiality – its aesthetic framing through material forms and modern techniques – the study argues that Buddhism as a practice of mediation is “sacred in between” (Barrie 2005). In particular, an examination of its construction of urban monastic space, aesthetic foodways, re-contextualization of musical practice and creative ritual performance, enables a tangible understanding of Humanistic Buddhist thought. As an extension of Chinese Buddhism, Fo Guang Shan’s Humanistic Buddhism should not be understood as a process of secularization. By examining the concrete forms of Fo Guang Shan’s cultural products and its various re-interpretations of traditions, we will see an active transformation initiated within the Buddhist community in response to the influences of modernity and globalization in our contemporary world.