International audience [The geography of population of Iraq is severely disrupted since the military conquests of Daech. To understand the current situation, it is important to re-ahead on the history of Iraqi territory in its international-ly recognized boundaries and why Iraq is, originally, a multi-religious and multi-ethnic state. The most often cited idea is to see it as the result of decisions imposed from without fixing the borders. This is not true. Geopolitical events of the early twentieth century, including the consecutive developments in the First World War, are essential to the border geography of the Middle East. However, it should not be limited to the Sykes-Picot but also take into account geopolitical developments in the US and Franco-British negotiations which took part in the Clemenceau and Lloyd George in 1920.In addition, the multi-religious and multi-ethnic character of Iraq is not only related to the borders selected in 1920, but also the fruit of a history much an-CIENNE territories that make up this country, a story that explains dissemination of religions of the book but also recounts many divergent theological choices within first of Christianity and Islam, emphasizing the choice multi-religious character. In all, Iraq is a multi-religious and multi-ethnic country, not only because of a territorial division imposed from outside but also from its own history.]