`titrebAUTISM AND GLUTEN : MYTHS AND REALITIES`/titreb `!-- 1626:'RESUME' --bA growing number of families subject their autistic children to specific diets without gluten or casein in the hope of alleviating the troubles from which they suffer. These diets have been set in place to respond to various physiopathological hypotheses of which none has yet been clearly proven. In this article, we analyse the data from the literature concerning these hypotheses and propose an interpretation as to the factors which have caused such keen interest in these diets.