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The Instrument of 'Schéma Directeurs Des Énergies' of Lyon Metropolis: The Instrument of 'Schéma Directeurs Des Énergies' of Lyon Metropolis:: Drawing the city Smart Grid tools amidst the energy data-digitalization process, case of Lyon Living Lab Smart Grid Strategy.

Abstract

International audience Since 2009, the European Commission through "The Task Force for Smart Grid" deliberate the agenda of Smart Grid & Smart Meter, digital technology solution is set to make energy systems across the European countries more connected, intelligent, and sustainable and more importantly are capable to tie the new and renewable energy within the network. The advances in data analytics, connectivity and interoperability are enabling a range of new digital applications such as smart appliances (Interview TL Smart Grid DG Energy, EU, 2018). In 2012, EDF launched smart meter experimentation project in Lyon metropolis area. The project established a consortium named Smart Electric Lyon (SEL). The main purpose of SEL is to analyze the rapid stream of data that are being generated from the smart meter equipment sensor installed in 25,000 homes in Lyon. These devices could produce fine-grained data of household electricity consumptions in a real time basis. It reveals the new "data revolution" [Kitchin 2014, Townsend 2013, Cukier and Mayer-Schoenberger 2013] shifted beyond traditional quantifying methods (Desrosières 2000), and englobe both the traceability and the interoperability of people's behaviors [Boullier 2015, Lupton 2016]. Entitled as the biggest project in terms of investment, it hybrids the fund both EDF and national government via the l'ADEME (The Environment and Energy Management Agency). It aims to provide a wider choice for city managers to develop city energy tools [Ademe Smart Grid Report, 2011]. While in the meantime, the Greater Lyon is pushing the bar high to institutionalized digital intelligent governance. New direction, the "Energy Mission (EM)" and its instrument Schema Directeurs des Energies (SDE) were established. Lyon is reshaping their internal institutional structure towards the new way to conduct public action with the purpose to keep pace with the inevitable digital ecosystems that comes penetrating every aspect of the city' activities (Severo and Romele 2015). This paper is drawn mainly by the support of theories: the Tools of government in the "new governance" approach (Salamon 2002) Governing by the instrumentation & public action through the prism of its instruments [Lascoumse & Le Gales, 2004, 2011, 2013], and furthermore the concept and context of Smart City (Batty 2012; Meijer and Bolívar 2016) and contemporary big data in contrast with the sociology of quantification [Boullier, 2015]. The result illustrates, instead of integrating the previous experience of SEL to the SDE, the EM Project Director rather triggered "Lyon Living Lab (LLL) Smart Grid". We figured out the intention of Lyon Metropolis has gone beyond the utmost utility of big data as merely quantitative sources. The interplay of big data discourses is veiled under the banner of Smart City programs. The set principle of strategy is carrying the goals to construct the new economic model of "digital energy ecosystem" to provide an added value to Lyon Metropolis as Living Platform test bed. A fairly governance adjustment within Lyon Metropolis is being occurred, the political agenda setting through the appointment of legislative members responsible for the thematic, the craft of the new direction of Smart City and Big Data, as well as hiring professionals in digital innovation and digital marketing coming from various facades of the private digital industry. Profound and intense observations, which are empirically conducted closely within the governance structure of Greater Lyon authority related to the subject, e.g. The Energy Mission & Lyon Smart City Project combined along with the result of in-depth interview with Task Force for Smart Grid-Directorate Energy, EU, the SEL and LLL consortium and its instigators and l'Ademe as the national governmental agency in favor of Smart Grid development are constituted as the primary source to construct this paper.

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