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French

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10670/1.3e5757

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The Lunete confessorum alias Bursa Marie

Abstract

The Lunete confessorum alias Bursa Marie is a book written in Latin by R.P. Gilbert Nicolas, a Franciscan brother of the Observance who lived in the second half of the XVth century and the beginning of the XVIth century. The author is known mainly as a cofounder of a religious order, the Order of the Virgin Mary (Ordre de la Vierge Marie) and Order of the Annonciades (Ordre des Annonciades), which he founded together with Jeanne de France, the daughter of Louis XI. The book is known these days only as a single copy, which is a manuscript in the Library of Heritage (Bibliothèque du Patrimoine) of Toulouse. As indicated by the title, the book is intended to help confessors fulfill their task. The author considers that the confessors of those days had a lack of knowledge and perhaps also of wisdom which is necessary for the penance. The book therefore accompanies the confessor throughout the stages of the penance: listening the penitent, his interrogation, the classification of the mistakes (when is there a mortal sin or not), the penance and the absolution. Gilbert Nicolas is therefore explaining how to deal with practical cases out of the everyday life of the laity (for example commercial transactions, functioning of an association, heritage and marriage) and of the friar (for example the monastic vow, recitation of the hours, receiving benefits and role of the bishop). The author also chose to address some issues in depth: mortal sin is primarily the result of a conscious and voluntary disregard of the commandments of God, it is therefore necessary to fully explain these commandments and obligations hereunder. For these explanations and advices, Nicolas Gilbert borrows many excerpts from other authors, writers of penitential texts (summa) ( and texts, theologians and jurists of civil or canon law, which went from the 12th century until the period he lived in. Confronted with some specific questions, the text lets shine through the religious tensions that existed throughout the late Middle Ages about the sacraments, the authority of the Pope and the monastic life. The present book is an edition and a translation. Its goal is to provide a text available for further studies whether for moral theology, history, linguistics or even for economics or sociology.

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