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Thesis

French

ID: <

10670/1.5q6qb9

>

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Micro-finance in Guinea : articulations between formal and informal finance and fight against poverty in Fouta Djalon

Abstract

This research focusing on micro finance covers the Middle Guinea area or Fouta Djalon, one of the four natural regions of Guinea. The main objective is to review how micro finance helps to articulate formal finance (banks) and informal finance (tontines, village banks, etc.) in order to provide sustainable financial services in rural areas and to examine the effect on the fight against poverty. At both regional (West Africa) and national levels (Guinea), we noted that the various financial sectors operate in a relatively flexible partitioned context. The micro finance sector, the latest financial sector, is now a strong alternative in the collection of savings and financing of local activities through innovative mechanisms established mainly on the basis of the proximity to local populations. However, we have shown how two visions of micro finance are continuing to compete: the social one, based on the goodwill of donors, so heavily dependent on donors; and the other, commercial, institutional one, based on the willingness to build a real functional autonomy of the MFI technically, financially and in human terms. In addition, we have shown how the debate on the relationship between micro finance and poverty is not yet settled, as the impact on the field is challenging for researchers and funders regarding the effectiveness of micro finance as a tool for effective poverty reduction. The question remains how micro finance can be an element of de-partitioning through an articulation between formal finance and informal finance. To answer this question, we identified two arguments which are the two parts of the thesis. The first part outlines the diversity of modes of financing in West Africa, articulating the link between micro finance and poverty, repeating the theoretical debates that continue to clash on this issue, and presents the challenge in articulating financial services as a solution for breaking down barriers and improving the provision of such services. The second part shows empirical examples of nexus between banking, micro finance and informal finance through the practices of users, but states some concerns about the future of this activity in the region.

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