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Article

French

ID: <

10670/1.8swsse

>

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The conscious experience in psychotherapies (II): Epistemological reflections on the hypnotic phenomenon.

Abstract

International audience This article attempts to present the different theories concerning the hypnotic phenomenon, starting from the principle that hypnosis is rather a major anthropological fact than a simple psychological or consciousness modification, since the hypnotic phenomenon is integrated in social life in many civilizations. For this reason, we approach the question epistemologically, without discarding any theory, and trying to identify what each of them brings to the knowledge of this complex phenomenon.It actually appears that the multiplicity of theories relativizes the strength of each of them. So, in the end, it is very difficult to propose a coherent overall scheme or a unifying theory of what the hypnotic phenomenon is. In a simplified way, two theoretical frameworks face each other: psychological approaches in a broad sense (cognitive psychology, psychoanalysis, social psychology) and physiological approaches (including neurosciences). None of them provides a decisive explanation. Such a proliferation prompts us to consider if, finally, to search an explanation of the hypnotic phenomenon makes sense and if hypnosis could not be a part of the "difficult problem" (or explanatory gap) of the neuroscience concerning consciousness.

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