A study of the Hebrew literary works translated into French enables one to investigate the process of importation of foreign literatures, particularly those in minority languages, into a central, dominant language. For instance, the rise in the number of translations from Hebrew since the end of the 1980s is not the simple reflection of the intensification of international cultural exchanges and the unification of the book market. It also results from the efforts of a number of specialized mediators : official representatives of this literature (The Institute for the Translation of Hebrew Literature) and others, from literary agents to series editors, including translators. Analysis of the reception of this literature by publishers and the press since the 1950s shows the gradual differentiation of a space of reception, which is structured around a « communal » pole and a « universal » pole, although the aesthetic judgment of the 1970s was still colored by spiritualism and exoticism. In the 1980s, following the war in Lebanon, introduction of a political dimension contributed to redefining this space. In the following decade, characterized by the feminization of authors and mediators, the editorial strategies concerning translation, from the most specific to the most universal pole, can be interpreted as so many responses to the unification of the book market.