One of the major challenges of this century is represented by climatic changes and their influence upon the environment. In the case of Romania, the orographic barrier plays the most important role in the delineation of surplus or deficient areas as refered to humidity. In the western and central regions of Romania, with oceanic influences, there is an surplus of humidity, while in the southern, south-eastern and eastern regions, with continental influences, there is a deficient humidity that generates dryness phenomena and drought. Non-the-less, we notice, in the last years, contrast situations with particularities in those regions affected by dryness and drought where there is an surplus of humidity. Climatic change at global or local level represent a major problem and induce concern among researchers from various disciplines (meteorology, climatology, geomorphology, ecology, hydrology, biology, medicine, sociology etc.) in consideration of change that might produce major setbacks in all the life domains and the socio-economic activities. In this respect, knowledge, research and investigation at detailed level of local and regional meteorological conditions that induce triggering situations for atmospheric hazards generating risks, human and economic losses, sometimes hard to estimate, develop in significant and full of concern attitudes in contemporary times. In the Moldavian Plain, due to the torrential character of most of the rivers, maximum discharge risk management is still difficult for the tributary/secondary streams. Even if the Jijia watershed, with the main stream of the Moldavian Plain, dispalys numerous water storages since 1960 to 1990, being one of the most systematized hydrographic basins, with tens of kilometers of dams and enbankments, the risks of maximum channel discharge and hillside discharge is still present. The intention of realizing a doctoral study on the Atmospheric precipitations, water discharge and inundations in the Moldavian Plain comes as a result of concerns in this respect and need to identify the natural risks and to evaluate the human activities as a perspective of risk – benefit for the efficient management of natural resources or in the attempt to favour sustainable development. Although floods are natural phenomena, with time repetability, as discharge processes along riverbeds, inundations represent, in modern times, one of the main causes of human and material losses. The analyses of the obtained maps regarding annual precipitations quantities in the Moldavian Plain reveal the decreasing trend from west to east, along with the decrease in overall altitudes and lower frequencies of humid air masses to the east (drier air masses), compared to more humid, Atlantic, air masses to the west. Torrential rains are atmospheric phenomena with short duration influence but with great intensity, upon the environment via erosion and flooding. They consist in increased precipitation quantities on short time intervals, sudden change of intensity along with extension of duration. As far as the vulnerability of the Moldavian Plain to the suumer rains we notice that the northern half displays an intermediate vulnerability while the southern half diplays a higher vulnerability. We also notice that for the whole space east, south-east and south of the Carpathians is vulnerable to an apreciable extent to torrential rains with intermediate and high intensities. In figure 5.32 we also observe that in those areas where oceanic influences predominate, rains have a less violent character and in those areas where continental influence pedominate (as the case of the Moldavian Plain) torrentail rains have a more violent character. In the Moldavian Plain the degree of vulnerability of torrential summer rains increases from WNW to SSE. Torrential rains bring a great pluviometric input that can reach a monthly quantity of 172.1 mm in July at Botosani and 277.2 mm in June 1985 at Iasi.