There is in Peru, particularly among social scientists dealing with the current social reality in Peru, an ‘agreement’ on the existence of a social identity ‘chola’ as a single empirical reality. This agreement, which is far from being taken as a mere thesis of the socio-cultural phenomena occurring in this country, according to Peruvian intellectuals working on this subject, would be proven by specific processes such as: the massive migration from ‘Serbian provinces’ to Lima, the country’s widespread urbanisation without industrialisation and the ‘informalisation’ of the economy. Taken together, these social processes would have led to the country’s total population being ‘choked’ or ‘choking’.