International audience The digital economy has now a widespread impact on the whole economy and leads companies to transform and adopt new competition rules. The objectives of this paper are (1) to analyze these evolutions; and (2) to understand the role of information systems in these changes. The authors have investigated two opposite environments: a pure Internet player selling a SaaS offering, and a traditional business that distributes products through a physical network of thousands of outlets. Our results show that both the Internet players and traditional companies experience changes in the industry value chain, a growing importance of services, and develop new business models focused on an extended value proposition and cooperation with customers. The role of information systems is characterized by the evolution of the IT infrastructure, the expansion of inter-organizational information systems and digital platforms and the development of new IT capabilities.