This Dictionary answers a challenge: facing the multiple discoveries, the numerous detailed classifications and the scattering of data, are we still able to master, to classify, to study the monetary discoveries of a vast region? Resuming the documentation published to the present date in southern Gaul, and also completing it by thousands of unpublished coin finds, the authors answer: yes. The numismatics is not reserved to the only collectors. It is one of the modern approaches of the ancient history, of the formation of the societies and their political, economic and cultural performance. The first coins appearing in Gaul are the Marseille currencies inspired by the Greek mints of Phocée; through this example and others, as Philippe's staters, then the catalan creations of the colony of Rosas, the Gauls appropriated this new concept and created their original serials. This phenomenon induced opening and exchanges between Gaul and the Mediterranean peoples who, like the Greek colonies and Rome, developped monetary practices. All the types known in southern Gaul between the VIth and the Ist c. BC appear in this dictionary, based on the inventory of c. 72 000 coins, either struck in the area (massaliètes, indigenous of Provence, Languedoc and their margins) or issued by contemporary mints (internal Gaul, Iberia, Roman Republic, Greek and Punic worlds ...), making this volume an extraordinary tool to recognize and to understand the coinage as well as the monetary circulation of this period.