Several professional associations and trade unions have tried to measure the number of additional hours used by French universities to meet their need for teacher· -researcher· (e.g. a message that circulated on a list: see the quantitative proposals of the National Committee of the CNRS, which are set out in detail in their document of July 2019 drawn up for the LPPR consultation. “For the CNRS alone, and if we want only to go back to staff numbers...