When speaking of public health, the safety of users and the quality of the medical assistance offered are constantly emphasized. In the framework of intensive medicine, patients with diseases of a potentially lethal nature are treated, including those with highly unstable conditions. In order to investigate the quality of the service to the population, risk factors, compliance with protocols and management of biosafety standards in intensive care rooms, a descriptive review of scientific production was carried out during the last five years. The studies revealed numerous topics regarding nosocomial infections, finding to a lesser extent articles on ethical aspects, compliance with regulations and the work environment, a significant percentage of the studies insist on supporting the patient and their families, being public health factors of high social concern.