test
Search publications, data, projects and authors

Thesis

French

ID: <

10670/1.lyagnc

>

Where these data come from
Characterization of cell death pathway during myocardial ischemia reperfusion

Abstract

Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) lead to repefusion injury. TNF-α, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, increases during reperfusion and contributes to this injury. The binding TNF/TNFR1 leads to the recruitment of FADD, TRADD and procaspase-8 and form a complexe named DISC. This complexe activates caspase-8, which cleaves Bid, a pro-apoptotic member of Bcl-2 family. tBid disrupts the mitochondrial membrane and induces a ROS production and a release of cytochome c, localized in intermembrane space. In cytosol, a complexe named apoptosome is formed with cytochrome c, Apaf-1 and procaspase-9 to activate caspase-9, which cleaves and activates caspase-3. Like caspase-8, caspase-2 is an initiator caspase. But little data exists on the role of this caspase in myocardial I/R.The disruption of mitochondria induces a ROS production which causes DNA damage. The enzyme PARP-1, involved in DNA repair, is then activated. By operating, PARP-1 produces ADP-ribose which can bind on TRPM2, a non selective cationic channel of TRP family. The opening of TRPM2 causes an increase of cytosolic calcium promoting cell death and reperfusion injury. The goal of this study was to determine the mechanisms of cell death after I/R involving caspase-8, caspase-2 and TRPM2 and to test an inhibitor of each protein on reperfusion injury. With a model of rat I/R, we demonstrated that TNF-α increases after only 1h of reperfusion following by a caspase-8 activation and a ROS production. Oxidative stress causes a modification of RyR2 with a leak of calcium in cytosol. Caspase-2, also expressed in ventricles, is activated before caspase-8 and induces an intrinsic apoptotic pathway until caspase-3 activation. An inhibition of caspase-8 or caspase-2 decreases the reperfusion injury.In mouse cardiomyocytes, TNF-α induces a TRPM2-like current through caspase-8 activation and ROS production. TRPM2 inhibition by clotrimazole decreases cell death and reperfusion injury in vivo.In conclusion, caspase-2, caspase-8 and TRPM2 play an important role in cell death pathway ans should be good therapeutical tools.

Your Feedback

Please give us your feedback and help us make GoTriple better.
Fill in our satisfaction questionnaire and tell us what you like about GoTriple!