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Spanish

ID: <

10670/1.mz7ypf

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Politico-ideological heterogeneity in South America: trends and prospects of their impact on the shaping of the regional integration agenda 1998-2008

Abstract

This work is an input from the Graduate Tunis entitled ‘The turn to the left in South America: trends and prospects of their impact on the shaping of regional integration and security agendas, 1998-2008’, carried out under the mentoring of the Mg. Anabella Busso. The aim is to analyse the extent to which the political transformation of the region changes and makes the progress towards integration achieved during the 1990s more effective. During the last decade of the 20th century, the way the region addressed the integration agenda, as was the case for other areas of issues, was penetrated by neoliberal principles. This meant that, from the perspective of integration and in the context of increasing globalisation, most South American governments assumed economic openness as the best way to join the world and, in this regard, adopting the principles of the Washington Consensus, led to or strengthened many integration processes. They were guided by the notion of ‘open regionalism’, giving a strong trade bias to the various South American initiatives. Faced with the questioning of certain guiding principles of neoliberalism towards the beginning of the twenty-first century, from different sectors, government, social and academic, it began to be perceived that a new politico-ideological convergence would be a constructive element at the time of moving towards the (positive and negative) results that had been achieved jointly in different areas during the years ´90. In this context, it is assumed that the new political scene in South America, shaped on the basis of the region’s ‘left-hand turn’, has promoted growing political will and willingness on the part of South American governments to engage in dialogue. This provision for cooperation was reflected in the development of more autonomous proposals in the field of integration. However, the new ideological political climate has also led to differences in interests that diversify the agenda by continuing to overlap proposals and fragmentation in terms of integration. Bureau: Regional integration Institute for International Relations (IRI)

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