Thesis
French
ID: <
10670/1.otd409>
Abstract
Potassium channels are highly conserved among organisms, from plants to humans, where they are involved in several functions. Among them, the two pore domain potassium channels or K2P channels are dimers that produce background channels to control membrane resting potential and thus cell excitability. They are involved in physiological functions and diseases such as breathing, nociception or depression. They are now more and more considered as important therapeutic targets for the development of new drugs targeting these diseases. Structure-function relationship of ion channels is an important feature for the drug design but we only know little about mechanisms and regulations that control the activity of K2P channels.During my PhD, we showed that K2P channels and particularly subunits of THIK and TREK subfamilies channels can also form functional heterodimers with other subunits of the same subfamily. We first proved that subunits physically interact combining biochemistry, immunocytochemistry, FRET and electrophysiology. Interestingly, heterodimers display specific conductances, regulations and pharmacology compared to homodimers.These studies showed that the diversity and number of K2P channel conductances are larger than expected. In conclusion, mixing among subunits from the same subfamily form new channels with unique properties and so new therapeutic targets