The impacts of glocalisation on rural areas and on populations that carry traditional knowledge in Paraguay between 1991 and 2018 were analysed. The analysis units chosen for this study were the rural and indigenous populations of the country, on the one hand, and the rural area of Paraguay, on the other. Basic, longitudinal research was carried out using techniques of quantitative and qualitative methods at a descriptive level. The main results indicate that strengthening the link between local geographical areas and the world market generated impacts that reconfigurated, in addition to the territory and the environment, the productive and cultural practices of the rural population, such as the possibility of consuming food produced in the country, which ultimately affected the quality of life of its inhabitants, with the migration of peasant and indigenous people being one of the most visible expressions of the results generated in the field by the agro-exporting production model.