Tree fodder (leaves, twigs) to feed ruminants seems to have been used since the Neolithic, althought there is little direct archaeological evidence. The recognition of "ecological anomalies" in charcoal diagrams of cave sheepfolds, identified in the South of France, constitutes an additional indication. They suggest that certain species as ash and deciduous oak were selected and gathered to feed animals during seasons of deficiencies, or as food complement. We have now to prove, by wood-anatomical study of wood charcoal from cave sheepfolds, the existence of pollarding.