We want to explore the Iliad like the definition of a theory and the practice of the figuration. It is important to see that in this reading of the iliadique epos, the theory and the practice are not independent: in other words, there is not an extern definition of a practice, the theory is defined by it. The Iliad is at the same time the composition of a figurative practice and this practice itself. This work is an exploration of the different dimensions of a figurative system which is present in the poem. The reflection begins by a description of the character Nestor at the first song. This is by this description that we can pick out the foundations of the figurative system and its practice all along the epos.The reflection is built on the lexical composition of Nestor’s description. The words which compose this passage are the first expression of the principles of the figurative system. We define this system in three great dimensions : first, a figure defines a certain place. In this place, it deploys an action which is its manifestation. In the end, the combination of situation and action defines the posture of the figure, in other words the definition of the interactions between them.