Science fiction literature is rooted in logic and scientific method and is full of lexical creations that are supposed to reflect a future state of the lexicon, the fiction terms. In this context, the question of the translation of lexical creations is particularly important as the terms in the target language must retain their stylistic aspect (aesthetic function in the text and their effect on the reader) while being credible as potential terms of the future. Based on a corpus of ten classic science fiction novels written in English and their French translations, this thesis analyses the invented terms and their equivalents in the target language in order to identify not only recurrent translation models, but also translation strategies and the resulting semantic changes as well as the translation effects produced by these changes. As fiction terms are essentially literary creations, the reception of the invented terms in both the source and target cultures is compared through two questionnaires, so that the effect of the terms on both the source and target readers can be considered. Keywords