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Thesis

French

ID: <

10670/1.y4piip

>

Where these data come from
Zâr, Musiques and possession in Egypt

Abstract

Zâr is a possession ceremony and more specifically adorcism. It is intended, in appearance, for women with physical or psychological disorders or who are unable to integrate into Egyptian society (for example, through the impossibility of marriage). If it turns out that these abuses are caused by a state of possession owing to the presence of one or more minds, diagnosed by the owner of the secrets of the genies called kudiya, then the possessor begins to witness the zârs which are given either publicly or privately. It will then follow an initiative path, which may take several years, where these women will have to learn to “live with their demons”, as once they have been owned, the spirit can no longer leave. Finally, this pathway leads to the spiritual achievement of the adepte. Once owned, she became adept and finally informal (kudiya), through various ritual stages, which allowed her to progress and which were highlighted by the adoption of different titles. ‘Wild’ possession then becomes ‘controlled’. The ritual structure involves at various times the dream, music and dance accompanying the transe, the use of various ritual objects, the sacrifices of edible animals... Egyptian Zâr is not only a therapeutic ritual, but is lived as a religious ritual by the official and his followers consider themselves to be good Muslims.

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