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Thesis

French

ID: <

10670/1.yclpfi

>

Where these data come from
Identification of arthropods and associated pathogens by MALDI-TOF MS and study of the relationship between arthropods and bacteria

Abstract

This work focuses on three main parts, a first part presents an epidemiological study of bacteria associated with soft ticks in Algeria, or we identified morphologically and confirmed by molecular biology six species of Argasidae. In addition, looking further we could detect Borrelia hispanica in Ornithodoros occidentalis and Borrelia cf turicatae in Carios Carpensis. On the other hand, in Argas persicus a new genotype of Bartonella spp has been identified as well as a new species of Anaplasmatacea bacteria.A second part evaluates the vectorial capacity of bed bugs to transmit Borrelia recurrentis, the agent of the relapsing fever. For this reason an experimental model of artificial infection of Cimex lectularius by Borrelia recurrentis has been developed, to study the presence of bacteria in feces. In this model, four approaches were used: qPCR, fece’s culture, FDA (Fluorescein Diacetate) and fece’s inoculation to mice. Immunofluorescence was also used to detect the location of the bacteria in the body of the bed bug. We confirmed that bed bugs acquire the bacteria and excrete live microorganisms in the feces. They can be considered as potential vector of Borrelia recurrentis.The third part is an assessment of the capacity of MALDI-TOF MS to identified fleas, bed bugs and associated pathogens. This innovative tool, which has revolutionized medical entomology and has shown its efficiency to identify several species of arthropods, has also been able to distinguish between infected and uninfected fleas and bugs, and even distinguish between fleas and bugs infected by the same species of bacteria.

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