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Thesis

French

ID: <

10670/1.yjzx7q

>

Where these data come from
Modification of the common toad (Bufo bufo) exploratory behaviour and navigation capacity in response to landscape fragmentation

Abstract

Landscape fragmentation increases resource distribution and constrains animal movements. Two kinds of adaptive strategy have been revealed in response to this selective pressure: an increase or a decrease of animal capacity and propensity to move. I studied the resistance strategy (i.e. increase of movements) which is poorly documented in the literature. To do so I focused on an organism facing the need to cross the matrix to achieve its life cycle (Bufo bufo). Only a few studies enable to disentangle phenotypic plasticity, maternal effect and evolution of movement characteristics. I used common garden rearing and cross-breeding experiments in order to focus on the evolutionary dimension of movement characteristics changes induced by landscape fragmentation. More precisely, I studied the evolution of navigation capacities by focusing on vector orientation, its evolutionary rate, its genetic basis, its magnetic basis and its influence on dispersal. I also studied the evolution of the exploratory behaviour in response to landscape fragmentation and searched for convergent evolution of this behaviour

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