When rap and hip hop appear at the turn of the 1980s, many see it only as a ephemeral phenomenon. Thirty years later, this type of music is not only alive, it is a long-lasting part of the music industries, and France is even one of the countries where the rap scene is the most visible. How was the rap born in France and how did it develop? Who has benefited from the marketing of his songs? Why is this type of music so closely associated with the suburbs? Who are the artists who promoted it, and based on what resources? Why does it continue to link up passions on a regular basis? Encapsulated in numerous interviews with reminders, DJ, facilitators, disc industry professionals... this book describes how the emergence and long-term registration of rap in France has been possible, and how it has been institutionalised. Looking at artists, but also amateur, by circulating MJC from popular neighbourhoods to the beds of the National Assembly, looking at television platforms such as local radios, Karim Hammou shows how a new artistic speciality has emerged in France, based on an original form of interpretation — neither spoken nor singled: recalled.