on which theoretical basis and reference points assess a health education action? Chantal Vandoorne analyses the specificity of health education, which cannot be assessed on the basis of epidemiological indicators such as mortality. It emphasises the extent to which changing an attitude, enriching a representation and changing behaviour are the result of multiple factors. Other difficulty to be taken into account: it is necessary to think over time, the educational activity may have no consequences in the short term but be capitalised to produce a change later.