Una review of the ethnographic literature on the Indian peoples of Mexico between the 50s and the 19th century shows that the topic of young indigenous people and young indigenous people has not been central to anthropological research. Recent years have seen changes in the quantity and quality of studies, the results of which reveal the emergence of something that can be called the youth period among the ethnic population living in both villages and contemporary cities. The state of art explores the specificity of young people being trained in rural ethnic groups and the so-called ethnicity of displacement – in their emergency social conditions and in the Indian social perceptions of this ethnic segment – from the paradigm of youth agitation, i.e. by accounting for the lives of young people and young people as experiences of participation in the life cycle transition, rather than as exclusion areas. The first two parties critically set out the conceptual approaches used (1) by classical literature to invisibilise the young subject to the interior of homogenous ethnicities, and (2) by recent literature to make it visible in processes of internal change and inconsistency, conflicts and contradictions and contemporary mobility. The last two elaborate on the particularity of rural indigenous youth and migrant indigenous youth in the city, marking progress and theoretical trends in development.