This text is organised as follows. After an introduction seeking to characterise what is at stake and the preliminary remarks intended to avoid prejudice by making the informal economy a serious issue, he will address in turn: the question of the context, the transition from informal to informal economy, a focus on “the epistema of the poor”, reflections on the informal economy and then on “informal entrepreneur” (socio-economic characteristics, socio-demographic characteristics, the mobilisation of their social network by “informal entrepreneurs”, the motivations of “informal entrepreneurs”, beyond entrepreneurship of necessity and opportunity: an explanation by an institutionalist approach, should informal activities be formalised? Formalisation of informal entrepreneurship) towards a theory of informal entrepreneurship (structural, neoliberal, post-structural), a conclusion, a focus on the “culture of inclusion” or the management of diversity through the principle of recognition of differences: the model of N.M. Pless -T. Maak and a focus on elements of the Employment Guidance Council report (February 2019). 1 C. Baxerres “Why an informal drug market in the French-speaking countries of Africa?” African Policy Review, No. 3, 2011