The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance
Authors:
Tegally, Houriiyah, San, James, Cotten, Matthew, Moir, Monika, Tegomoh, Bryan, Mboowa, Gerald, Martin, Darren, Baxter, Cheryl, Lambisia, Arnold, Diallo, Amadou, Amoako, Daniel, Diagne, Moussa, Sisay, Abay, Zekri, Abdel-Rahman, Gueye, Abdou Salam, Sangare, Abdoul, Ouedraogo, Abdoul-Salam, Sow, Abdourahmane, Musa, Abdualmoniem, Sesay, Abdul, Abias, Abe, Elzagheid, Adam, Lagare, Adamou, Kemi, Adedotun-Sulaiman, Abar, Aden Elmi, Johnson, Adeniji, Fowotade, Adeola, Oluwapelumi, Adeyemi, Amuri, Adrienne, Juru, Agnes, Kandeil, Ahmed, Mostafa, Ahmed, Rebai, Ahmed, Sayed, Ahmed, Kazeem, Akano, Balde, Aladje, Christoffels, Alan, Trotter, Alexander, Campbell, Allan, Keita, Alpha, Kone, Amadou, Bouzid, Amal, Souissi, Amal, Agweyu, Ambrose, Naguib, Amel, Gutierrez, Ana, Nkeshimana, Anatole, Page, Andrew, Yadouleton, Anges, Vinze, Anika, Happi, Anise, Chouikha, Anissa, Iranzadeh, Arash, Maharaj, Arisha, Batchi-Bouyou, Armel, Ismail, Arshad, Sylverken, Augustina, Goba, Augustine, Femi, Ayoade, Sijuwola, Ayotunde, Marycelin, Baba, Salako, Babatunde, Oderinde, Bamidele, Bolajoko, Bankole, Diarra, Bassirou, Herring, Belinda, Tsofa, Benjamin, Lekana-Douki, Bernard, Mvula, Bernard, Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe-Marie, Marondera, Blessing, Khaireh, Bouh Abdi, Kouriba, Bourema, Adu, Bright, Pool, Brigitte, Mcinnis, Bronwyn, Brook, Cara, Williamson, Carolyn, Nduwimana, Cassien, Anscombe, Catherine, Pratt, Catherine, Scheepers, Cathrine, Akoua-Koffi, Chantal, Agoti, Charles, Mapanguy, Chastel, Loucoubar, Cheikh, Onwuamah, Chika, Ihekweazu, Chikwe, Malaka, Christian, Peyrefitte, Christophe, Grace, Chukwa, Omoruyi, Chukwuma, Rafaï, Clotaire, Morang’a, Collins, Erameh, Cyril, Lule, Daniel, Bridges, Daniel, Mukadi-Bamuleka, Daniel, Park, Danny, Rasmussen, David, Baker, David, Nokes, David, Ssemwanga, Deogratius, Tshiabuila, Derek, Amuzu, Dominic, Goedhals, Dominique, Grant, Donald, Omuoyo, Donwilliams, Maruapula, Dorcas, Wanjohi, Dorcas, Foster-Nyarko, Ebenezer, Lusamaki, Eddy, Simulundu, Edgar, Ong’era, Edidah, Ngabana, Edith, Abworo, Edward, Otieno, Edward, Shumba, Edwin, Barasa, Edwine, Ahmed, El Bara, Ahmed, Elhadi, Lokilo, Emmanuel, Mukantwari, Enatha, Philomena, Eromon, Belarbi, Essia, Simon-Loriere, Etienne, Anoh, Etilé, Manuel, Eusebio, Leendertz, Fabian, Taweh, Fahn, Wasfi, Fares, Abdelmoula, Fatma, Takawira, Faustinos, Derrar, Fawzi, Ajogbasile, Fehintola, Treurnicht, Florette, Onikepe, Folarin, Ntoumi, Francine, Muyembe, Francisca, Ragomzingba, Frank, Dratibi, Fred, Iyanu, Fred-Akintunwa, Mbunsu, Gabriel, Thilliez, Gaetan, Kay, Gemma, Akpede, George, van Zyl, Gert, Awandare, Gordon, Kpeli, Grace, Schubert, Grit, Maphalala, Gugu, Ranaivoson, Hafaliana, Omunakwe, Hannah, Onywera, Harris, Abe, Haruka, Karray, Hela, Nansumba, Hellen, Triki, Henda, Kadjo, Herve Albéric Adje, Elgahzaly, Hesham, Gumbo, Hlanai, Mathieu, Hota, Kavunga-Membo, Hugo, Smeti, Ibtihel, Olawoye, Idowu, Adetifa, Ifedayo, Odia, Ikponmwosa, Ben Boubaker, Ilhem Boutiba, Muhammad, Iluoreh Ahmed, Ssewanyana, Isaac, Wurie, Isatta, Konstantinus, Iyaloo, Halatoko, Jacqueline Wemboo Afiwa, Ayei, James, Sonoo, Janaki, Makangara, Jean-Claude, Tamfum, Jean-Jacques, Heraud, Jean-Michel, Shaffer, Jeffrey, Giandhari, Jennifer, Musyoki, Jennifer, Nkurunziza, Jerome, Uwanibe, Jessica, Bhiman, Jinal, Yasuda, Jiro, Morais, Joana, Kiconco, Jocelyn, Sandi, John, Huddleston, John, Odoom, John, Morobe, John, Gyapong, John, Kayiwa, John, Okolie, Johnson, Xavier, Joicymara, Gyamfi, Jones, Wamala, Joseph, Bonney, Joseph, Nyandwi, Joseph, Everatt, Josie, Nakaseegu, Joweria, Ngoi, Joyce, Namulondo, Joyce, Oguzie, Judith, Andeko, Julia, Lutwama, Julius, Mogga, Juma, O’grady, Justin, Siddle, Katherine, Victoir, Kathleen, Adeyemi, Kayode, Tumedi, Kefentse, Carvalho, Kevin, Mohammed, Khadija Said, Dellagi, Koussay, Musonda, Kunda, Duedu, Kwabena, Fki-Berrajah, Lamia, Singh, Lavanya, Kepler, Lenora, Biscornet, Leon, de Oliveira Martins, Leonardo, Chabuka, Lucious, Olubayo, Luicer, Ojok, Lul Deng, Deng, Lul Lojok, Ochola-Oyier, Lynette, Tyers, Lynn, Mine, Madisa, Ramuth, Magalutcheemee, Mastouri, Maha, Elhefnawi, Mahmoud, Mbanne, Maimouna, Matsheka, Maitshwarelo, Kebabonye, Malebogo, Diop, Mamadou, Momoh, Mambu, Lima Mendonça, Maria da Luz, Venter, Marietjie, Paye, Marietou, Faye, Martin, Nyaga, Martin, Mareka, Mathabo, Damaris, Matoke-Muhia, Mburu, Maureen, Mpina, Maximillian, Owusu, Michael, Wiley, Michael, Tatfeng, Mirabeau, Ayekaba, Mitoha Ondo’o, Abouelhoda, Mohamed, Beloufa, Mohamed Amine, Seadawy, Mohamed, Khalifa, Mohamed, Matobo, Mooko Marethabile, Kane, Mouhamed, Salou, Mounerou, Mbulawa, Mphaphi, Mwenda, Mulenga, Allam, Mushal, Phan, My, Abid, Nabil, Rujeni, Nadine, Abuzaid, Nadir, Ismael, Nalia, Elguindy, Nancy, Top, Ndeye Marieme, Dia, Ndongo, Mabunda, Nédio, Hsiao, Nei-Yuan, Silochi, Nelson Boricó, Francisco, Ngiambudulu, Saasa, Ngonda, Bbosa, Nicholas, Murunga, Nickson, Gumede, Nicksy, Wolter, Nicole, Sitharam, Nikita, Ndodo, Nnaemeka, Ajayi, Nnennaya, Tordo, Noël, Mbhele, Nokuzola, Razanajatovo, Norosoa, Iguosadolo, Nosamiefan, Mba, Nwando, Kingsley, Ojide, Sylvanus, Okogbenin, Femi, Oladiji, Adewumi, Olubusuyi, Testimony, Olumade, Ogunsanya, Olusola, Fakayode, Oluwatosin, Ogah, Onwe, Oludayo, Ope-Ewe, Faye, Ousmane, Smith-Lawrence, Pamela, Ondoa, Pascale, Combe, Patrice, Nabisubi, Patricia, Semanda, Patrick, Oluniyi, Paul, Arnaldo, Paulo, Quashie, Peter Kojo, Okokhere, Peter, Bejon, Philip, Dussart, Philippe, Bester, Phillip, Mbala, Placide, Kaleebu, Pontiano, Abechi, Priscilla, El-Shesheny, Rabeh, Joseph, Rageema, Aziz, Ramy Karam, Essomba, René, Ayivor-Djanie, Reuben, Njouom, Richard, Phillips, Richard, Gorman, Richmond, Kingsley, Robert, Neto Rodrigues, Rosa Maria D. E. S. A., Audu, Rosemary, Carr, Rosina, Gargouri, Saba, Masmoudi, Saber, Bootsma, Sacha, Sankhe, Safietou, Mohamed, Sahra Isse, Femi, Saibu, Mhalla, Salma, Hosch, Salome, Kassim, Samar Kamal, Metha, Samar, Trabelsi, Sameh, Agwa, Sara Hassan, Mwangi, Sarah Wambui, Doumbia, Seydou, Makiala-Mandanda, Sheila, Aryeetey, Sherihane, Ahmed, Shymaa, Ahmed, Side Mohamed, Elhamoumi, Siham, Moyo, Sikhulile, Lutucuta, Silvia, Gaseitsiwe, Simani, Jalloh, Simbirie, Andriamandimby, Soa Fy, Oguntope, Sobajo, Grayo, Solène, Lekana-Douki, Sonia, Prosolek, Sophie, Ouangraoua, Soumeya, van Wyk, Stephanie, Schaffner, Stephen, Kanyerezi, Stephen, Ahuka-Mundeke, Steve, Rudder, Steven, Pillay, Sureshnee, Nabadda, Susan, Behillil, Sylvie, Budiaki, Sylvie, van der Werf, Sylvie, Mashe, Tapfumanei, Mohale, Thabo, Le-Viet, Thanh, Velavan, Thirumalaisamy, Schindler, Tobias, Maponga, Tongai, Bedford, Trevor, Anyaneji, Ugochukwu, Chinedu, Ugwu, Ramphal, Upasana, George, Uwem, Enouf, Vincent, Nene, Vishvanath, Gorova, Vivianne, Roshdy, Wael, Karim, Wasim Abdul, Ampofo, William, Preiser, Wolfgang, Choga, Wonderful, Ahmed, Yahaya Ali, Ramphal, Yajna, Bediako, Yaw, Naidoo, Yeshnee, Butera, Yvan, de Laurent, Zaydah, Ouma, Ahmed, von Gottberg, Anne, Githinji, George, Moeti, Matshidiso, Tomori, Oyewale, Sabeti, Pardis, Sall, Amadou, Oyola, Samuel, Tebeje, Yenew, Tessema, Sofonias, de Oliveira, Tulio, Happi, Christian, Lessells, Richard, Nkengasong, John, Wilkinson, Eduan, Shibemba, Aaron, Obong, Abasi Ene, Fadeyi, Abayomi, Anas, Abbad, Shabaan, Abd Elazeez, Adel, Abd Monaem, Shoka, Abd Moniem Ain, Abdelhamid, W., Laraqui, Abdelilah, Laatiris, Abdelkader, Bellefquih, Abdelkrim Meziane, Faouzi, Abdellah, Abdelmoulah, F., Essabbar, Abdelomunim, Bimouhen, Abderrahmane, Hilali, Abderraouf, Abdo, I., Padane, Abdou, Sangaré, Abdoul Karim, Soumah, Abdoul Karim, Djimde, Abdoulaye, Toure, Abdoulaye, Kanteh, Abdoulie, Bashein, Abdulla, Salama, Abdullah, Lojuan, Abe, Bayih, Abebe Genetu, Negash, Abel Abera, Lissom, Abel, Abid, N., Konou, Abla, Shama, Abo, Abosede, O., Abouelnaga, S., Ali, Abraham, Anang, Abraham Kwabena, Tesfaye, Abraham, Khan, Adam, Tayachew, Adamu, Mihret, Adane, Alemam, Adba Alfatih, Hawi, Adede, Adesegun, A., Desta, Adey Feleke, Ghassan, Adib, Traoré, Adjaratou, Adjiratou Aissatou, B., Sadji, Adodo, Egli, Adrian, Mendes, Adriano, Abera, Adugna, Candé, Adul, Alaoui, Afaf, Pedro, Afonso, Agbodzi, B., Ageez, A.M., Ayouba, Ahidjo, Alarif, Ahlam, Kayed, Ahmed, El-Taweel, Ahmed, Elsayed, Ahmed, Gad, Ahmed, Fakhfakh, Ahmed, Ahmed, M., Ahmed, O., Reggad, Ahmed, Taha, Ahmed, Vida, Ahyong, Bensalem, Aicha, Sivro, Aida, Hachid, Aissam, Ajili, F., Ajogbasile, F.V., Adegnika, Akim, Siliadin, Akoele, Natasha, Akwii Patience, Lemtudo, Alan, Sanaa-Amine, Alaoui, Alaruusi, A., Ouro-Medeli, Alassane, Nyunja, Albert, Rizzo, Alberto, Abdissa, Alemseged, Debela, Alemu Tike, Mancon, Alessandro, Marcello, Alessandro, Goredema, Alexander, Greninger, Alexander, Ndjolo, Alexis, Niyomwungere, Alexis, Mari, Alfredo, Mayor, Alfredo, Ali, M.A., Zumla, Ali, Ben Kahla, Alia, Grad, Alia, Kabanda, Alice, Tia, Alie, Camara, Alimou, Zumla, Alimuddin, Dieng, Alle Baba, Maiga, Almoustapha, Sall, Amadou Alpha, Daou, Amadou, Naguib, Amal, Souiri, Amal, Zouaki, Amal, Ghita, Amalou, Mveang-Nzoghe, Amandine, Koné, Amariane, Ahouidi, Ambroise, Benyahia, Amel, Nagiub, Amel, Amer, K., Dorkenoo, Ameyo, Barkat, Amina, Dia, Aminata, Mbaye, Aminata, Mboup, Aminata, Thiam, Aminata Sileymane, Lahlou, Amine Idriss, Wadi, Amira Suliaman, Ehlan, Amivi, Marion, Amujal, Aziza, Amuri, Strydom, Amy, Abbad, Anass, Mulu, Andargachew, Maaroufi, Anderrahmane, Luquette, Andrea, Shiningavamwe, Andreas, Moreira-Soto, Andres, Azman, Andrew, Bennett, Andrew, Tarupiwa, Andrew, Latifa, Anga, Badjo, Ange, Angelov, Angel, Brisebarre, Angela, Detweiler, Angela, Ndong, Angoune, Werno, Anja, Ndiaye, Anna Julienne Selbe, Sander, Anna-Lena, Annajr, B., d'Aprile, Annamaria, van der Linden, Anne, van der Eijk, Annemiek, Erhart, Annette, Somboro, Anou, Dagnran, Anoumou, Ahumibe, Anthony, Levasseur, Anthony, van der Linden, Antje, Dara, Antoine, Jegede-Williams, Anu, Aouni, M., Arjarquah, A., Uwituze, Arlene, Upton, Arlo, Poda, Armel, Somé, Arsène, Zongo, Arsène, Massinga, Arsenia, Asare, K.M., Katabazi, Ashaba Fred, Ferjani, Asma, Dieng, Assane, Gaye-Gaye, Astou, Atiga, N., Weldemariam, Atsbeha, Arjaquah, Augustina, Auld, A., Ba-Diallo, Awa, Elmoussi, Awatef, Sena, Awunyo, Mohamed, Aya, Farghaly, Ayman, Ayo-Ale, B., Ayoade, F., Adegnika, Ayola Akim, More, Ayong, James, Ayorinde Babatunde, Nawfel, Azami, Diergaardt, Azaria, Okwuraiwe, Azuka Patrick, Taiwo, Babafemi, Baboo, S., Bahadoor, B., Bahnassy, A.A., Sanyang, Bakary, Bakry, U., Touré, Bamba Fatoumata, Iwalokun, Bamidele, Banda, R., Bane, S., Johnson, Bankole, Cisse, Barada, Murwira, Barbra, Munnink, Bas Oude, Batra, R., Dhaala, Beatrice, Lamiae, Belayachi, Belkhir, A.B., Ben Ayed, I., Morton, Ben, Moussa, Ben, Wulf, Ben, Ndeboko, Bénédicte, Rachid, Benhida, Lindsey, Benjamiin, Foulkes, Benjamin, Hounkpatin, Benjamin, Selekon, Benjamin, Bensaid, M., Mpairwe, Bernard, Bagaya, Bernard Ssentalo, Vanmechelen, Bert, Lell, Bertrand, Mutai, Beth, Adnew, Bethlehem, Makamure, Beuty, Bighignoli, B., Ndiaye, Birahim Piere, Adhikari, Bishwo, Bitrou, S.M., Akenji, Blaise Mboringong, Shobayo, Bode, Zuze, Boitumelo, Nlavo, Bonifacio Manguire, Belfquih, Bouchra, Boujemla, Bouchra, Yatassaye, Bouna, Aymane, Bouzidi, Andika, Brian, Yemi, Bright, Kleinhans, Bronwyn, Galvao, Bruna, Embaló, Bubacar Delgado Pinto, Manene, Bulelani, Pascal, Butoyi, Capel, Camille, Anu, Campbell, Tchibozo, Carine, Madeira, Carla, Cortes, Carlos, Elisabeth, Carniel, Kifude, Carol, Tayimetha, Carolle Yanique, Arnold, Catherine, Okoi, Catherine, Waruhiu, Cecilia, Godwe, Celestin, Obiekea, Celestina, Nkenfou, Celine, Chabuka, L., Nejjari, Chakib, Chambaro, H., Chanda, D., Changula, K., Touzani, Charifa Drissi, Kayuki, Charles, Nyagupe, Charles, Ssuuna, Charles, Hicham, Charoute, Watters, Chaselynn, Chawech, H., Sokhna, Cheikh, Mohamed, Chenaoui, Nwuba, Chiamaka, Chilufya, C., Chukwu, Chimaobi, Anyika, Chinyere, Chipimo, P.J., Chitanga, S., Chitenje, M., Chiwaula, M., Taha, Chouati, Mansell, Chris, Butel, Christelle, Devaux, Christian, Drosten, Christian, Ranaivoson, Christian, Utpatel, Christian, Malabat, Christophe, Chtourou, A., Chukwu, G., Daubenberger, Claudia, Kakai, Clement, Masakwe, Clement, Rafai, Clotaire Donatien, Chenwi, Collins, Misita, Collins, Muli, Collins, Geurtsvankessel, Corine, Maufrais, Corinne, Mbegnan, Coulibaly, Crawford, M., Tato, Cristina, Yiaba, Cyrus, d'Amore, N., Damilari, Dabiri, Ramadan, Dalia, Damena, D., Ouso, Daniel, Pisanelli, Daniela, Licastro, Danilo, Hammer, David, Nieuwenhuijse, David, Kateete, David Patrick, Wilkinson, David, Mouangala, Davy Leger, Alemayehu, Dawit Hailu, Dawood, R.M., de Sanctis, R., Mettle, Deborah, Koita, Demba, Lodiongo, Dennis Kenyi, Laryea, Dennis, Wandera, Dennis, Leta, Dereje, Noureddine, Dersi, Takou, Desire, Tefera, Dessalegn Abeje, Batra, Dhwani, Ndongo, Dia, Diab, A., Diagne, Diabou, Mabika, Diane, Bamourou, Diané, Samaté, Dianke, Diarra, B., Raoult, Didier, Mutangana, Dieudonne, Nyepetsi, Dineo Emang Tshiamo. Gape, Ada, Diosdado Odjama Nseng, Salah, Djimabi, Cedola, Donatella, Harding, Doris, Yeboah-Manu, Dorothy, Ange, Dossou, Djomsi, Dowbiss Meta, Drinkovic, Dragana, Draper, C., Sahr, Dumbuya Foday, Odewale, Ebenezer, Sedjro, Eclou, Armand, Edang-Minko, Kigozi, Edgar, Koskei, Edith, Nkwembe, Edith, de Oliveira Filho, Edmilson, Maria da Costa, Edmira, Kiritu, Edward, Lim, Efrem, Ozer, Egon, Egyir, B., Abuelenein, Ehab Abdelkader, Ngole, Eitel Mpoudi, Aissam, El Aliani, Zahra, El Ansari Fatima, Adil, El Hamouchi, Abdelmjid, El Oualid, El-Shaqnqery, H., El-Zayat, M., Abualas, Elamin, Hicham, Elannaz, Elargoubi, A., Kidane, Eleni, Rizgalla, Elham, Elhoseny, M.M., Elhosieny, F.W., Carniel, Elisabeth, Nyakarungu, Elizabeth, Elkhateeb, S.M., Benaissa, Elmostafa, El Fahime, Elmostafa, Elouanass, M., Elsissy, M.H., Mbongo-Nkama, Elvyre, Latif, Elwaleed, Edu, Emame, Orsini, Emanuele, Skarwan, Emilio, Stefanov, Emily, Nasinghe, Emmanuel, Nepolo, Emmanuel, Ogunbayo, Emmanuel, Munger, Emmanuelle, Permal, Emmanuelle, Gaies, Emna, Ennibi, H., Khalid, Ennibi, Kotey, Erasmus, Smit, Erasmus, Lelo, Eric, Adu, Eric, Delaporte, Eric, Katagirya, Eric, Kezakarayagwa, Eric, Muthanje, Eric, Magalhães, Erica Luis Maria, Asiedu, Ernest, Livo, Esemu, Umumararungu, Esperance, Chitechi, Esther, Omuseni, Esther, Alain, Etoundi Mballa, Quansah, Evelyn Bonney, Bonney, Evelyn, Ezzelarab, M.H., Cassama, Faatu, Niama, Fabien Roch, Arena, Fabio, Faggioni, G., Fahsbender, E., Sigei, Faith, Abdellah, Faouzi, Jouali, Farah, Farawyla, H., Hilali, Farida, Chgouri, Fatima, El Falaki, Fatima, El Ansari, Fatima Zahra, Ebied, Fatma, Bssaibis, Fatna, Al Onifade, Fattah, Ousmane, Faye, Khardine, Fayez Ahmed, Khardine, Fayez, Fedorov, A.V., Alemu, Fekadu, Jamal, Fekkak, Sun, Fengming, Doudou, Fetouma, Fikry, A.E., Fillo, S., Bracchitta, Fiorenza, Kaboré, Firmin, Fki-Berrajah, L., Donati, Flora, Fenollar, Florence, Sorie, Foday Sahr Samuel, Folarino, O., Folorunsho, Francine, Kabatesi, Francisca, Muyembe-Mawete, Francisco, Malagon, François, Kiemdé, Franklin, Asiedu-Bekoe, Franklyn Egbe, Nkongho, Frédéric, Lemoine, Frederick, Freitas, R., Fuh-Neba, T., Gaaloul, I., Kabamba, Gabriel, Gutema, Gadissa, Emna, Gaies, Gadzama, Galadima, Mahmoud, Galal, Ouangole, Garba, Gargouri, S., Garry, R., Mcauliffe, Gary, Kimita, Gathii, Manouana, Gédéon Prince, Tesfaye, Gelanew, Awinda, George, Kyei, George, Michuki, George, Ondo, Georgelin Nguema, van Rooyen, Gerhard, Marais, Gert, Abichu, Getachew, Beyene, Getachew Tesfaye, Tollera, Getachew, Hailu, Getnet, Hamza, Ghamaz, Kayali, Ghazi, El Amin, Ghizlane, Mhlanga, Gibson, Kibet, Gilbert, Hounkanrin, Gildas, Giordani, F., Teka, Gizaw, Masete, Godfrey, Goldstone, R., Gomaa, C., Mokhtar, Gomaa, Lo, Gora, Gosnell, B., Gottberg, A., Belournou, Grace Angong, Oni, Grace, Vincent, Grace, Wani, Gregory, Barreh, Guedi Ali, Garcia, Guillermo, Deng, Guohong, Guseva, N., Mbembo, Guy Paterne Malonga, Padzys, Guy Stéphane, Gwayi, S., Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Naija, Habiba, Diallo, Haby, Hadad, A., Hafez, M.M., Ladhari, Hafsia, Elshora, Hagar, Dadi, Hailu, Mohammed, Hajjaji, Kabbaj, Hakima, Hafez, Hala, Halafawy, A., Tinto, Halidou, Ndiaye, Halimatou Diop, Assane, Hamadi, Hamdani, T.N., Hamdy, M.S., Namagembe, Hamidah, Hammad, M., Hammami, A., Gharmaz, Hamza, Andersson, Hana Sofia, Dakka, Hanae, El Jebari, Hanen, Soliman, Hany, Houda, Harmak, Harvey, R., Benkirane, Hasnae, Aguenaou, Hassan, Ihazmad, Hassan, Hassan, R., Hassan, W., Ahmed, Hatem, Sogodogo, Heitzer, Seth-Smith, Helena, Razafimanjato, Helisoa, Koka, Hellen, Mouhssine, Hemlali, Mwebesa, Henry, Perez, Hermes, Tchoudjin, Herve Christian Paho, Elannaz, Hicham, Oumzil, Hicham, Frempong, Hilda Opoku, Fidelia, Hinson, Elarab, Hoda Ezz, Xie, Hong, Benrahma, Houda, Arrouchi, Housna, Guedouar, Houssem, Luo, Hu, Bassène, Hubert, Si, Huiqing, Goodfellow, Ian, Guindo, Ibrahima, Halilou, Ibrahima, Abdillahi, Idil Salah, Lahlou, Idriss-Amine, Diawara, Idrissa, Egoh, Ifunanya, Ige, F.A., Iknane, A.A., Bnouyahia, Ikram, Osman, Ikram Omar, Hassan, Iman Abdillahi, Foda, Iman, Smyej, Imane, Kacem, Imen, Mdini, Imen, Mkada, Imen, Mandomando, Inacio, Comas, Iñaki, Mdini, Ines, Inglês, L., Mudau, Innocent, Joel, Ireoluwa Yinka, Chestakova, Irina, Cancino, Irving, Phiri, Isaac, Boussoukou, Ismael Pierrick Mikelet, Ismail, A., Osei-Wusu, Israel, Maman, Issaka, Barilar, Ivan, Asante, Ivy, Gerard, Izuwayo, Heikel, Jaafar, Souopgui, Jacob, Marx, Jacques, Jalal, D., Nourlil, Jalal, El Atar, Jalil, Ben Khelil, Jalila, Rahoui, Jalila, Fekkak, Jamal, Mutisya, James, Ussher, James, Exler, Jan Felix, Macauley, Jane, Majanja, Janet, Jannoo, N., Manneh, Jarra, Scharnberg, Jasmin, Schlotterbeck, Jasmin, Chimedza, Jasper, Bouzid, Jawad, Niyibigira, Jean, Djontu, Jean Claude, Maritz, Jean, Cigolo, Jean-Claude Makangara, Monemou, Jean-Louis, Umuringa, Jeanne D’arc, Delerce, Jeremy, Ndaruhutse, Jerome, Asamoah, Jesse Addo, Sherwood, Jill, Wang, Jing, Marti-Carerras, Joan, Mutungi, Joe, Siawaya, Joel Fleury Djoba, Koivogui, Joel, de Ligt, Joep, Njuguna, John, Rumunu, John, Tembo, John, Waitumbi, John, Adeniji, Johnson, Rigby, Jonathan, Hellemans, Jorn, Fokam, Joseph, Derisi, Joseph, Makhema, Joseph, Mugisha, Joseph, Shaibu, Joseph Ojonugwa, Oliver-Commey, Joseph, Bwogi, Josephine, Freeman, Josh, Isong, Josiah Ayoola, Nyataya, Josphat, Ayoola, Joy, Appiah-Kubi, Joyce, Hultquist, Judd, Gedeon, Jude, Sokei, Judith, Howard, Julia, Schneider, Julia, Campbell, Julian, Elvy, Juliet, Jumaa, A.B., Lee, Justin, Lessler, Justin, Kourouma, Kaba, Ghedira, Kais, Kalantar, K., Mahlakwane, Kamela, Kamoun, S., Mulonga, Kangwa, Kapata, P.C., Kapaya, F., Kapin'A, M., Karray Hakim, H., Kasambara, W., Yassine, Kasmi, Tesfaye, Kassahun, Subramoney, Kathleen, Katyshev, A.D., Kayeyi, N., Barnes, Kayla, Delaney, Kayla, Kazorina, E.V., Seru, Kedumetse, Keita, S., Durkin, Keith, Jerome, Keith, René, Keke, Swanson, Kena, Maeka, Kenneth, Attiku, Keren Okyerebea, Sanders, Kevin, Ella, Kevine Zang, Tuki, Keyru, Elhag, 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Ouedraogo, Saïdou, Saiid, S., Ndure, Sainabou Laye, Keita, Sakoba, Salah, D., Hussein, Salah Eldin, Salah, H., Saleh, A.A., Saleh, M., Sourakatou, Salifou, Roberts, Sally, Abid, Salma, Sayed, Salma, Salou, M., Salu, O.B., Lissauer, Sam, Bingono, Sam O'Neilla Oye, Ndiour, Samba, Fageer, Sameira, Girgis, Samia Abdou, Samir, M., Samir, O., Benkeroum, Samira, Ibrahim, Samira, Fageer, Samira, Assoumou, Samira Zoa, Saiid, Samirah, Khamadi, Samoel Ashimosi, Limbaso, Samson Konongoi, Armoo, Samuel, Kirimunda, Samuel, Sorie, Samuel, Symekher, Samwel Lifumo, Owaka, Samwel, Ferjani, Sana, Alaoui-Amine, Sanaa, Anna-Lena, Sander, Safietou, Sankhe, Jiménez-Serrano, Santiago, Kamara, Santigie, Chammam, Sara, Mahmoud, Sara, Jefferies, Sarah, Rubin, Sarah, Stanley, Sarah, Sathees, Saraswathi, Abdella, Saro, Chamman, Sarra, Mwesigwa, Savannah, Sawa, H., Seadawy, M.G., Ellis, Sean, Bontems, Sébastien, Ramaologa, Sefetogi, Zinyowera, Sekesai, Kumordjie, Selassie, Ngomtcho, Sen Claudine Henriette, Awunyo, Sena, Sadeuh-Mba, Serge Alain, Niane, Serigne Saliou, Okeyo, Seth, Altamura, Settimia, Agbenyo, Seyram Bless, Bakhash, Shah Mohamed, Lockman, Shahin, Bedri, Shahinaz.A., Soliman, Shaimaa, Shalaby, L., Wilson, Shannon, Muttaiyah, Sharmini, Abimbola, Sharon, Hsu, Sharon, Shcherbakova, S.A., Osiany, Shebbar, Shawky, Shereen, Helmy, Sherine, Shevtsova, A.P., Moustafa, Shimaa, Wohl, Shirlee, Johane, Shirley, Kagnissode, Sidonie A.M., Opanda, Silvanos Mukunzi, Mayaphi, Sim, Bióté, Simão Tchuda, Dal Monego, Simeone, Ruhweza, Simon Peter, Eckstein, Simone, Reuben, Sindayiheba, Sinyange, N., Rachakonda, Sivaramakrishna, Andriam, Soa Fy, Viegas, Sofia, Sogodogo, Sokhna, Ndongo, Sola, Ajibaye, Solomon, Langat, Sombo, Fwoloshi, Somda Soro Georgina, Charlene, Sonal, Henson, Sondes, Haddad, Sonia, Sosedova, E.A., Kartti, Souad, Amira, Souissi, Mboup, Souleymane, Maïté, Soundélé, Dao, Sounkalo, Salifou, Sourakatou, Pallerla, Srinivas Reddy, Niemann, Stefan, Borrmann, Steffen, Asiimwe, Stephen, Eggan, 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J. Matoke D., Zablon, J.O., Hamzaoui, Zaineb, Regragui, Zakia, Wuduri, Zara, Souma, Zein, Waberi, Zeinab Ali, Imam, Zeinab, Tarnagda, Zekiba, Faouzia, Zemmouri, Zhang, J., Li, Zhenghui, Maiga, Zimmerman, Kasmy, Zohour, Zong, Minko, Zorgani, A., Yassine, Zouheir, Issa, Zoukaneirii, Zulu, P., Xiang, Zuzheng + 1794
Contributors:
Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire (Niamey, Niger) (CERMES), Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), University of Chicago, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale Kinshasa (INRB), University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Génomique évolutive des virus à ARN - Evolutionary genomics of RNA viruses, Institut Pasteur Paris (IP), Institut Pasteur d'Algérie, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, Direction Internationale de l'Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur de Guinée, Centre Hospitalier de Mayotte, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur Paris (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité) + 21
Publication Date: 2022-10-07
Last GoTriple update: 2024-06-17
Publisher:
HAL CCSD, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Provider: Base
License: Undefined
Conditions of Access: Open Access
Disciplines
Keywords