Medical progress combined with better access to healthcare has significantly reduced mortality in Réunion (Giorgi, 2005; Sandron, 2007; Bernède-Bauduin and Cellier, 2013). While the prospect of living longer is above all good news, increasing life expectancy in “good health”, i.e. without loss of autonomy, is not guaranteed due to sustainable disease factors (Catteau and Nartz, 2009). At individual level, the loss of autonomy leads to a loss of well-being for older people. This damage can be partly compensated by appropriate medical care, human or technical assistance for the exercise of everyday activities and the occupation of a suitable place of accommodation (home or institution). Following several public reports published in the 2000s, the concept of a ‘dependency account’ emerged. The purpose of the dependency account is to draw up a financial statement which is intended to be as exhaustive as possible of the additional costs incurred as a result of the loss of autonomy. The usefulness of this thematic account is that it makes it possible to calculate an order of macroeconomic magnitude of the total and consolidated financial weight of the risk of dependence.