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Spanish

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http://hdl.handle.net/10251/127319

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Study of the synchronisation of the bioelectrical activity of the muscles of the deglutory process

Abstract

[ES] The deglution is the process of bringing the food mouth from the mouth to the stomach; this takes place at different stages: oral, oropharyngeal and oesophagic. Initially, intake of the mouth is prepared, the food is placed in the mouth and crushed and then propelled to the pharynx and then to the stomach by gravity and peristaltic movements of the oesophagus. Dysphagia is the alteration of this process, which hinders the safe movement of the food bolus and is a potentially dangerous condition that can cause dehydration, malnutrition and respiratory infections such as pneumonia, increasing demand for health resources. It is produced by chronic non-communicable conditions, orphan diseases, autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. Health is frequently present, but it is one of the most neglected diseases in diagnosis, treatment and monitoring, requiring early recognition, timely differentiation of its aetiology, prognosis and evolution. Knowing the muscle activation pattern of degumption makes it possible to quantify physiological variables associated with degression and can assist medical and care staff in making timely decisions in people with risk factors associated with dysphagia. Difagia is currently diagnosed using techniques such as clinical evaluation, videofluoroscopy or nasofaringolaringoscopy; these techniques are highly subjective, dependent on the training and experience of care staff and invasive for patients. Another method proposed for the characterisation of dysphagia and assessment of deglution is surface electromyography (SEMG), which measures the electrical activity of muscles by means of electrodes located on the skin, in specific anatomical regions. In general, the SEMG can be used to understand the moments at which the activation of muscles associated with degression and sequencing occurs, in the search for normality patterns and alternations associated with different types of dysphagia, also to obtain characteristic parameters of these muscle activations such as their duration, energy, bandwidth, average frequency, etc. There are various work in this area. However, there is no evidence of work that has addressed the study of the synchronisation and degree of coupling between the activity of the left-hand and right-hand side muscles, which may be of particular relevance in particular in the pharyngeal phase of deglution. The purpose of this GFF is to study the synchronisation and degree of coupling of muscles associated with the pharyngeal phase of deglution (suprahioid and infra-hioid) on the left and right side. Parameters such as cross-correlation, imaginary part of consistency, phase synchronisation, or mutual standardised cross-information swap shall be used for quantification. In addition, we would like to assess the differences obtained when working with SEMG signals captured by conventional disc electrodes compared to those captured by concentric bipolar electrodes (disc and outer ring). The latter have demonstrated their better spatial resolution in the uptake of bioelectrical activity and are therefore more likely to capture local muscle information better than conventional muscle information that provides more comprehensive information. This GFF covers both activities associated with the generation of the signal database in the deglution of different types of bolus (saliva, water, yogurt) at the CI2B-UPV facilities, and in its subsequent segmentation, characterisation and analysis. Loureiro Casalderrey, MB. (2019). Study of synchronisation of the bioelectric activity of the muscles of the degressivity process. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/127319

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