[es] The present Doctoral Tesis entitled ‘silica nanoparticles as an inorganic carrier for the preparation of hybrid materials for the optical detection of anions’ is based on the use of supramolecular chemistry and material chemistry for the preparation of hybrid sensing systems with the capability to recognise ions by colour and fluorescence changes. The first sensor material developed is based on silica nanoparticles operated with spirobenzopirans (indicator unit) and thioureas (coordinating unit). In bifunctional nanoparticles the spiropyrano is in its open polar form (red merocyanine). When they coordinate thioureas with long-chain carboxylates (octanoate, decanoate and dodecanoate), an environment is formed around the indicator unit, which favours their transformation in the form open to closed spirocyclic polar resulting in colour change. In the second part of the Tesis, nanoparticles of silica functioned with anthracene, as an indicator unit, and two different thioureas, as anion coordination units, have been prepared. Suspensions of bifunctioned nanoparticles in acetonitrile show typical structured anthracene emission. By adding different anions to the suspension of nano-particles, an increase in fluorescence (with Cl-, Br-, H2PO4-, acetate and benzoate) or deactivation of the latter (F- and CN-) is obscured. Finally, silica nanoparticles functioned with terpyridines, as a coordinating unit, and sulforodamine B were prepared as an indicator unit. The coordination of transition metal cations (Fe3 +, Hg2 +, Cu2 +, NI2 + and Pb2 +) with the terpyridines resulted in significant deactivation of anchored sulforodamine B emissions (95 % of the initial one). In a second step, the ability of certain anions (H2PO4-, HSO4-, F-, Cl-, Br-, I- and NO3-) to move to the metal coordinated with subsequent regeneration of the sulforodamine emission is studied. Applying the Core Component Analysis (GWP) resulted in discrimination against all anions employed. In addition, nanoparticles treated with cation Pb2 + gave a selective response with anion H2PO4-.