This thesis aims to measure the respective benefits of two clinical practice training models on the mental activity of future psychotherapists. 30 psychology students are assigned at random to a group exposed to academic training or to a group exposed to a teaching course. Their mental activity is measured at the beginning, middle and end of training, using the Countertransfer Analysis Grid (GAC: Normandin, 1991), which distinguishes three modes of rational/objective mental activity, reagent and reflex. A personality inventory and a list of trauma symptoms are administered to them. A first study shows an increase in rational/objective mental activity in the group exposed to didactic training and an increase in mental activity in the group exposed to education. A second study in the latter group shows a strong negative correlation between anxiety from trauma experiences and change in reflex mental activity.