Viceroy Francisco de Tole’s 16th century population re-concentrations of the indigenous peoples of charcas (modern day Bolivia) have been wisely collected as the most defined attack to transform indigenous Andean society along Iberian lines of settlement and government. While the previously-Dispersed indigenous populations were resettled into a limited number of urban towns, native tribute obligations raised, and Castilian forms of municipal government imposed, modern historiography is still Debating the details of what Tole’s reforms meant for the indigenous populations of this district. A review of decisions made by the Audiencia de charcas and the contemporary correspondence of this Court’s judges are examined to illustrate how the relationship between the High Court and Indious levers – challenges through the period of Tole’s reforms. This investigation reveals an explicit and pre-emptively underestimated transformation in the political model from one where assumptions made out of and supported legitimacy from the Hearing – similar to the model used in the Inca System- to a situation where the caciques understood and used the Hearing less as a partner in power and in favour as a forum to be opponytically used to obtain economic goods and privileges. Using the figure of the cacique as a proxy, this province-wide perspective on the changes involved to native society by Tole’s reforms is distinct from but complementary to the severe more localised studies on the subject undertaken by other historians. The changes elucidated by these court records and official correspondence behind the origins of the emerging of indigenous levers that have been widely recognised as the definitive attempt to transform indigenous Andean society into government schemes. While it is indisputable that, under these measures, the previously dispersed indigenous populations were reorganised around urban centres, high national taxation and imposed Castilian forms of municipal government, modern histography still disputes the impact that Toledo’s reforms had on indigenous populations in this districto. This work calls for a review of the decisions taken by the Court of Appeal and the correspondence of the judges of this court with the aim of showing the extent to which relations between the Supreme Court and indigenous leaders – have changed during the period of Toledo’s reforms. In its conduct, the investigation reveals an explicit – and previously unvalued – transformation of the virreinal political model, which, from a situation in which minds often sought and received standing from the High Court – as in the Inca system – changes to a situation in which the baskets used the Court as a forum that could be usefully used to obtain privileges and economic benefits. Using the role of proxy, this research into the changes brought about in Andean society as a result of Toledo’s reforms is different but complementary to studies undertaken by other historians on the same subject. The changes made by judicial registers and official correspondence suggest the origins of the emergence of indigenous leaders whose proper management of the colonial legal system will be representative of indigenous Spanish relations through the two centuries of Spanish presence in Peru’s virreinate.