France, one of the five permanent members of the Security Council, has, like all the states in this circle, cultivated the external dimension of its policy. France was the victim of a series of attacks in 2015. These attacks have an acknowledged external origin. They were claimed by the Islamic State (IS) organisation. The territorial base of this terrorist organisation is located in the Middle East, Iraq and Syria. But these collective crimes were committed almost all by French and Belgian nationals, both on 7 January and on 13 November 2015.