This article proposes to analyse the proceedings against the Argentinian State for the massacre of La Bomba, perpetrated against the Pilagá people in October 1947, in the then National Territory of Formosa. The trial, initiated in 2005, consists of two stages, a criminal trial in which a person was prosecuted for crimes against humanity in the context of genocide and a civil case, which in 2019 obtained a first-instance judgment recognising the massacre as a crime of humanity and which the Chamber of Appeal considered to be genocide. Both judgments are unprecedented in the trial of genocide against indigenous peoples in Argentina and contribute to the debate on reparations. Various limitations of the Argentinian Juridic system will be observed when conducting a genocide trial when the victim is an indigenous group. The asymmetric relationship between the State/Originary Peoples in our country, cross-linked by stigmatisation, denials, racism, violence, etc., shows that many of the characteristics of the same genocide social process that is being judged have been reupdated. The historical process in which the massacre took place, the various state appeals and the impact of the trials on the Pilagá people’s memory dispute will be analysed.