This article proposes to revisit the linguistic foundations of the lexicon. More in particular, it aims to highlight how the Explicative and combinatorial lexicology (Mel’čuk) et al. (1995) is an appropriate theoretical and descriptive support to guide the specification of concepts basic languages of the teaching of the lexicon, through an integrated perspective in which knowledge of the lexicon is linked to knowledge of syntax and the language morphology. In support of this, we present a Knowledge ontology lexicologists from Explicative and combinatorial lexicology, GTN ontology. This ontology served the basis for the development of a course module in the French lexicon for future courses primary maitres in Quebec (Tremblay, 2009) and the drafting of a teaching manual vocabulary (Tremblay, Anctil, in preparation). The article is divided into three sections. In the first section, we present the didactic background and language in which our research is carried out. We set out in detail in the second section the main features of our ontology of lexicological knowledge by highlighting them educational scope, in particular through examples of the use of ontology for the development of a course module in the lexicon. Finally, we clarify the impact of such research on: training of pupils and teachers from French and for the composition and organisation of French school curricula.