The author held a structuring scientific reading of Bourdieu model on Kabylia region and on the social world in general. He revisited the theoretical corpus and the first empirical work held in Algeria in the second half of the fifties by Pierre Bourdieu. He first reminded that Bourdieu was interested in that country from a dual perspective: sociological and anthropological, analysing on the one hand the effects of colonial domination on the Algerian society from a sociological perspective and on the other hand, studying the Kabyle village and its culture from an anthropological perspective. Lahouari Addi then demonstrates, in an enlightening way, how the key concepts of the theoretical work of Bourdieu (habitus, social capital, ...) have been forged in theis founding research. For him, Kabylia never ceased to be a paradigmatic reference to show the hidden character of the mechanisms of the social domination and the historical basis of the rationality of the economic discourse in Western societies.