The philosophical, political, theological and economic reflections in the authors of the Salamanca School give us a privileged view of the world market that was shaped by colonial expansion. Slave trafficking was a fundamental part of his inquiries, which calls for an effort to unlock the emergence of strictly economic thinking regarding the trade in African black slaves to America. Thus, the moral problem present in the act of capture, which has been defined in the literature as ‘the problem of slavery’, was chosen by an incipient economic reason which can only be understood since the emergence of modern economic science and the proliferation of sovereign state power, which in turn built on the margins of the world system peripheral areas of exclusion, ownership and confinement.