This Article lays down a PANORAMA OF THE HISTORIES OF Anthropology IN THE PERFORMATION, taking into account its various stages: (1) literary indigenism; (2) the influence of American culturalism; (3) the impact of development theories; (4) the influence of marxism; and (5) the bankruptcy of the so-called ‘andinistaal paradigm’. It is argued throughout the article that the central contribution of Peruvian anthropology was to contribute to national articulation – by means of ethnographic monographs – by exploring ignored territories in both the literal and geographical sense of the word, and also in the metaphoric sense: engaging in previously unknown socio-cultural and temporary areas.