Rafael Correa won the presidential election in Ecuador on 26 November 2006. He was invested in this item on 15 January 2007. A new Constitution designed to “entertain the neoliberal model” and replace it with a new development model is prepared by a Constituent Assembly. It was adopted by referendum on 28 September 2008 and makes it possible to speed up reforms. In order to establish their legitimacy, Rafael Correa is organising an early presidential election, which he won in the first round with 54 % of the votes on 26 April 2009 for a four-year term. Rafael Correa is a training economist. He started his studies in Guayaquil, before continuing at the Catholic University of Leuven and then at the University of Illinois. He was a professor of economics from 1993 to 2005. He is defined as a humanist and Christian of the left. Its policy is characterised by a strong desire to move away from the influence of the United States, the first trading partner of the Equatory.Its coming to power seven years after the full dollarisation of the economy in 2000, after two years of financial crisis. Dollarisation has halted the onset of hyperinflation, but has not managed to establish stable growth and reduce poverty (70 % of the population below the poverty line). Ecuador’s economy remains highly dependent on its exports of crude oil, bananas and flowers and remains vulnerable due to its external indebtedness. In December 2008, President Correa issued a moratorium on the payment of interest on part of the sovereign debt, following an audit demonstrating the “odious” and “illegal” nature of loans with JP Morgan and Citibank banks.