This article sets out the links between the advancement of neoliberalism and the institutionalisation of so-called ‘protection networks’ for teenagers undergoing socio-educational care policies and institutions in Brazil. This is a bibliographic and documentary research of an exploitative descriptive nature, the collection, systematisation and analysis of the data using the hermenêutico-dialtic method. Research results show that the ‘networked’ social protection model, which I now accept for the administration of juvenile crime in Brazil, has incorporated the specific type of State attention included in the Social Protection Residual Matriz. The social results of capitalist production, the Brazilian State’s adherence to the principles of neoliberalism and neoconservatism, the legal and social production of the “offending act”, as well as the differential classification of juvenile crime, explain the economic nature and class nature of the opposition between private property and the unequal distribution of the material wealth that is socially produced.