Summary: In recent decades, ethnoknowledge of traditional crops has been the subject of numerous studies in different scientific fields. Studies often seek to gather and analyse data and information on the multiple uses of biodiversity, to understand ways of classifying, domesticating and manipulating fauna and flora, and to interpret the complex human-nature relationship in its different dimensions, space-to-time scales and cultural significance. To this end, we examine in this article ethnosables relating to the use of plants, animals and insects in therapeutic, magico-ritualistic and symbolic cultural practices of Kombolas communities in the Mining Valley of Jequitinhonha. In order to achieve this objective, we will use an essentially qualitative methodology, implemented through semi-structured interviews with farmers and farmers in kilombales, transversal walking and direct observations in the agroforestry quintals of their productive establishments, as well as iconographic records (photographs and chroquis) of these areas and their cultivation. Through this study, we find that ethnosables are an important cultural expression of the human-nature relationship, of the spatial and temporal experiences, social interactions, customs and cosmotions of members of the Komon communities, contributing to the maintenance of the material and symbolic and cultural reproduction processes of their families and communities and to the preservation of the spatial and temporal nature of the Afro-Brazilian culture in the Jequitinhonha miner Valley.