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Article

English, Spanish

ID: <

oai:doaj.org/article:7d774e82cb824e7a96d33bbe45957150

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The role of government in economic development The role of government in economic development

Abstract

Este articulo trata de responder a la siguiente pregunta: ¿cuales han sido los efectos de la planeacion del desarrollo sobre las transformaciones economicas y sociales de los ultimos treinta años? De acuerdo con el autor, la principal concecuencia de las transformaciones mas recientes es la reconsideracion del papel del Estado y la superacion de esquemas extremos que sostienen que la actividad economica debe ejecutarse exclusivamente a la interaccion de las fuerzas del mercado eliminando la intervencion del Estado o al, contrario, que el control supremo de la economia debe ser ejercido por el Estado. Y propone una nueva perspectiva, en la que el gobierno y los mercados son complementarios y no excluyentes. A partir de las exitosas experiencias de desarrollo en los Estados Unidos y el Este Asiatico, concluye que el gobierno ha desempeñado y debe seguir desempeñando varias funciones esenciales: promocion de la educacion, fomento a la tecnologia, apoyo al sector financiero, inversion en infraestructura, control ambiental y mantenimiento de la red de seguridad social, y que puede y debe emprender acciones que promuevan la equidad y alivien la pobreza.This article tries to answer the following question: What have been the effects of development planning on the economic and social transformations of the last thirty years? According to the author, the main consequence of the most recent transformations is reconsideration of the role of the State and overcoming extreme formulas which claim that economicactivity should be left exclusively to the interaction of market forces, eliminating the intervention of the State, or to the contrary, that supreme control of the economy should be exercised by the Sta te. It propases a new perspective, in which the government and markets are complementary rather than exclusive. Based on the successful developmentexperiences of the United Sta tes and East Asia, it concludesthat the government has performed and should continue to perform several essential functions: the promotion of education, the fostering of technology, support for the financial sector, investment in infrastructure, environmental controls, and the maintenance of the social securitynetwork, and that it can and should undertake actions that promote equity and alleviate poverty.

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